p393fig11.31 (Todd, Akerstrom 1987) created a series of 2D images from discrete black patches on a white disk and showed how the perceived depth varies with the factors summarized in the figure. The LIGHTSHAFT model quantitatively simulated their data.
|| Factors determining depth-from-texture percept. Perceived depth varies with texture element width, but only when elements are elongated and sufficiently aligned with one another to form long-range groupings. Data of (Todd, Akerstrom 1987) simulated by the LIGHTSHAFT model of (Grossberg, Kuhlmann 2007). [HP, LP, CCE, CCS, RO]